Abstract: Recently, accumulated attention was drawn to vitreous macular traction which served as a set of independent diseases such as macular hole, epiretinal membrane and vitreous macular traction syndrome, etc. However, the pathophysiology mechanism of vitreo-macular traction remains unclear. A commonly accepted mechanism of vitreomacular traction is anteroposterior or tangential traction forces to the macula that arises from age-related vitreous changes and pathologic epiretinal cell proliferation at the vitreoretinal interface. Nowadays, multiple experimental strategies, including light microscopic and electron microscopic histological observations of surgical samples, immunohistological comparisons and cytokines detections, are performed to discover distinct characteristics. Based on the experimental findings, various of mechanism hypothesis developed and served as basis to develop new biological technics and therapy strategies.  (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2015, 39： 185-189)